1689 – Russia began taxing men’s beards

1864 – Battle of Petersburg VA

1878 – 1st female telephone operator starts work (Emma Nutt in Boston)

1914 – The last passenger pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.Martha at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.

1939 – WW II starts, Germany invades Poland, takes Danzig